Proctoscopy

A proctoscopy or rigid sigmoidoscopy is a procedure to examine the insides of the rectum and the anus. A proctoscope is a hollow tube, usually with a tiny light at the end, that can also be used to take tissue samples for biopsies as a cancer screening tool.

What is a Proctoscopy? #

• A proctoscopy (also called rigid sigmoidoscopy) is a procedure to examine the inside of the rectum and the anus.

• It is usually done to look for tumors, polyps, inflammation, bleeding, or hemorrhoids.

• A proctoscope is a straight, hollow metal or plastic tube, sometimes with a tiny light at the end, that allows the gastroenterologist to make a detailed examination of the rectum.

• An instrument that can take tissue samples for biopsy may be inserted through the hollow tube.

Why is a Proctoscopy done? #

A proctoscopy is done to:

• Detect disease in the rectum or anus.

• Find the source of anal bleeding.

• Find the cause of diarrhea or constipation.

• Remove or monitor the development of existing polyps or growths.

• Screen for colon cancer or monitor rectal cancer that has already been treated.

How to prepare for a Proctoscopy? #

• The most important preparation for proctoscopy is to thoroughly clean out the rectum.

• It is important that this is done.

• The more completely the rectum is emptied, the easier it is for the doctor to examine it.

• Various methods can be used to clean the rectum, your doctor will recommend the best way for your case.

• Many doctors will recommend using an enema to clear waste. Be sure to follow instructions as directed.

Procedure of Proctoscopy #

• Proctoscopy can be performed in either a hospital or outpatient office.

• Most proctoscopy examinations do not require anesthesia.

• The doctor will first do a preliminary rectal exam with a gloved lubricated finger, then gently insert the proctoscope.

• As the scope is slowly and carefully passed through, you may feel as if you need to move your bowels.

• Because air is introduced into your bowel to help the doctor see better with the proctoscope, you may feel some cramping or fullness.

• Generally, there is little discomfort during the procedure.

Risks of a Proctoscopy #

• There is little risk associated with proctoscopy.

• It is possible that a patient may experience rectal bleeding as a result of the insertion of the proctoscope or if the lining of the rectum is irritated.

• A patient may also develop an infection after the procedure.